I always want to know why some places in India are more developed or have money while others do not. There was a time, not too long ago (actually about 1000 years), that Eastern India used to be rich and developed. If that sounds complicated, no worries—I will make it clear with some simple examples.
Geographic Challenges
Access to Major Economic Centres
Eastern India is geographically distant from the major economic centers in other parts of the country, such as Mumbai, New Delhi, and Bangalore. However, this isolation has resulted in low levels of connectivity (infrastructure and investment) to the region.
Natural Disasters
The area is prone to cyclones and floods, which generally interfere with economic activity as well as development efforts
Colonial Impact
Eastern India, especially Bengal, was the center of wealth and trade during British rule.The economic stability was largely devastated due to the partition in 1947, as crucial resources and industries were divided between India and the freshly created Pakistan (now Bangladesh).
However, the region has failed or abandoned a transition towards a modern economy and remains underdeveloped, experiencing low economic growth for a long period.
Macroeconomic Policies and Governance Defects
For a couple of years, the region had been ignored by national policymakers. The low levels of investment in infrastructure and healthcare have caused a poverty trap cycle to begin with. Poor governance and corruption are other issues that have impeded the implementation of development programs; many regions in India suffer on account of these as well.
Social and Cultural Factors
Eastern India has lagged behind in terms of literacy and educational attainment, which constrains employment opportunities and economic mobility. High levels of social inequality and caste-based discrimination also add to the economic challenges in the region, as large sections of the population do not have access to full participation in the economy.
No Industrialization
Eastern India has not been able to attract much investment in terms of industries, unlike Western and Southern institutions, which have witnessed significant industrial growth. This is partly due to its location and lack of accessibility. The region heavily relies on agriculture, which is mostly affected by monsoons and natural calamities, leading the economy to a vulnerable state.
Eastern India is like that treasure chest that has not been opened completely. It seems like a place with much unrealized potential—breathtaking geography, strong culture, and loyal citizens. Like every plant requires sunshine and water to grow, so too does this region need more focus—better roads, good schools, and opportunities for the locals. What if every child there was to get the same opportunities as kids elsewhere?
Alright, ask yourself this: What if Eastern India was as supported and invested in as the rest? How would it impact those living there? Who knows, someday Eastern India might be as popular and prosperous as other parts of the country! What might we do to assist in that happening ?